The side chain can make an amino acid a weak acid or a weak base and a hydrophile if the side chain is polar or a hydrophobe if it is nonpolar. Each of the 20 most common amino acids has its specific chemical characteristics and its unique role in a protein structure and function.
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Normally an amino acid produces a nearly neutral solution since the acid group and the basic amine group on the root amino acid neutralize each other in the zwitterion.
Amino acid structure. The chemical structures of the 22 standard amino acids along with their chemical properties are described more fully in the article on these proteinogenic amino acids. The properties of a amino acids are complex yet simplistic in that every molecule of an amino acid involves two functional groups. For example based on the propensity of the side chain to be in contact with water amino acids are classified as hydrophobic low propensity to be in contact with water polar and charged energetically favorable contact with water.
Each amino acid is accompanied by its three and one letter code residue molecular weight actual molecular weight minus water and side chain pka where appropriate. Each molecule can contain a side chain or r group eg. If the amino acid structure contains two acid groups and one amine group there is a net acid producing effect.
Amino acid general structure. This also shows the ionization of an amino acid at ph 74. Alanine is an example of standard amino acid containing methyl side chain group.
Amino acid this is the general structure of an amino acid. Amino acids are comprised of a functional group r attached to an amine group nh2 and a carboxyl group cooh. Carboxyl cooh and amino nh2.
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