Layers like broilers have an essential requirement for choline. The product is obtained by spraying and thoroughly mixing aqueous choline chloride on a suitable cereal carrier and then drying to a low moisture content.
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Choline chemically known as 2 hydroxyethyl trimethyl ammonium hydroxide and is referred as vitamin b4.
Choline chloride benefits in poultry. It has recently been claimed as a rediscovered vitamin performance promoter in poultry. Whereas pigs can synthesize enough choline to meet their basic needs poultry cannot synthesize this vitamin due to an evolution deficiency. The most widely used supplemental form of choline is choline chloride.
The young chicken needs choline more due to the inability to synthesize at a sufficient rate. Choline in poultry. Secondly it helps to prevent fatty liver.
Significant volumes of this compound are used in feed for poultry swine ruminant aqua pet and horse. Choline chloride helps prevent liver enlargement in chicks as well as perosis a condition in poultry that can lead to leg bone deformity. And thirdly as a precursor for acetylcholine synthesis.
Choline chloride dietary requirements of layers. As a constituent of phospholipids. Choline has three essential metabolic roles namely.
Choline is required for the formation of a phospholipid lecithin a component of egg yolk. The confusion around choline begins with the fact that choline is not a required vitamin in pigs but it is indeed essential for poultry. Egg contains 12 13 mg choline per gram dried whole egg mass.
Choline chloride is a common supplement to poultry feed. Choline chloride can be available on a cereal carrier. Choline chloride is used as an important feed additive in animal species especially chickens.
Choline is available for feed use as the 70 or 75 liquid or 25 to 60 dry powder. Choline specifically acts to prevent fatty liver syndrome and helps in the formation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine maintaining proper nervous system functioning. It is also known as vitamin b4 although it is required in a much higher level than vitamins.
In poultry cholines methyl group is available after the conversion to betaine in the liver. Female are less susceptible to choline deficiency without an exact clear mechanism. The bird needs 2000 3000 mg choline kg diet to induce toxicity leeson and summers 2001.
However published dietary requirements are based on studies several decades old and there has been significant change both in feed formulation and bird performance since these requirements were established. Choline chloride is used as an important feed additive in animal species especially chickens.
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